Standard Theatre

The Standard Theatre was a Johannesburg theatre located in Joubert Street (behind the Rissik Street Post Office) between President and Market Street.

Often referred to as The Standard.

History

A prestigious Victorian horseshoe-shaped theatre, it was opened on 12 October 1891 by Capt. Von Brandis as the Standard Opera House. The architects were J. S. Donaldson and J. A. Moffat. The first solid, purpose-built and lushly decorated theatre in the city, it seated 800 people, but could house up to 1000 with extra seating - though, according to P.J. du Toit (1988) it could house 1400. The interior was Victorian with decorated ceilings, a brass-railed orchestra pit, and steeply pitched galleries. The boxes featured gilded plaster mouldings that were picked up by rose-tinted glass lampshades.

The Standard was leased by Ben Wheeler in 1892 who opened with a musical comedy and later put on six Shakespearean productions and twenty other plays. The owners were Emmanuel Mendelssohn and R.S. Scott who also owned the newspaper ‘Standard and Diggers’ news’. Wheeler also brought the famous D’Oyly Carte Opera Company to SA. Both the Zionist Dramatic Society and Jewish Musical Society put on biblical plays and serious dramas at The Standard.

In the early 1900s, the theatre was leased by Messrs. Sass & Nelson who held a sub-lease from the trustees of the state of F. De Jong.

The favoured venue of touring theatre and opera companies from England, it was later taken over by Leonard Rayne and used for his productions (many featuring and his popular leading lady, Freda Godfrey), till Rayne's untimely death in 1925. During the second world war it became a favoured venue for the Gwen ffrangçon-Davies and Marda Vanne company’s seasons of major plays and was also the home of the Johannesburg REPS.

The Standard was forced to close its doors in September, 1947, by the council as it was considered a fire hazard, and although money was raised by various stage personalities of the time to fix the fire hazards, the council was seemingly uninterested. It was was demolished in 1956, despite major protests from the theatrical fraternity, to make way for a park. The area is now known as the Ernest Oppenheimer Park and was revitalised and re-opened in 2010.

Building works

In the late 1890s, the Georgian-styled theatre was encased on three sides by a three-storey block of shops, offices, and rooms in late Victorian style with ornate ironwork. From 1902 there were several additions and alterations to the theatre that included work on the stage, dressing rooms, drainage, and lavatories. In 1911 a bioscope box was added. In addition to theatre work, there was also much work on the buildings and individual shops that made up Standard Buildings with much of the design work done by J. A. Moffat and Mcintosh.

Productions

1891: At the opening, Dan Godfrey then led the orchestra through De Volkslied, after which the curtain went up on La Cigale, the opening play produced by Arturo Bomamici.

1895/1896: Much Ado About Nothing, Twelfth Night and Othello performed by the Holloway Theatre Company, under the auspices of the Wheeler Theatre Company.

1896: Mark Twain performed his At Home there in May 1896.

1901: The Woman in the Case produced by Leonard Rayne and his company.

1908: The Morals of Marcus, Mrs Dot and Diana of Dobson's, produced by Leonard Rayne; Love and the Hyphen performed by a company brought together by Stephen Black and Frank de Jong.

1909: War and a Woman; The Middleman and The Christian produced by Leonard Rayne

1910: The Fires of Fate and Henry of Navarre produced by Leonard Rayne

1911: War and a Woman; Stephen Black's adaptation/translation of The Flapper.

1912: The Ogre presented by Alfred Paumier and his company; Stephen Black's I.D.B.

1914: The Story of the Rosary presented by Leonard Rayne

1916: Quinneys' presented by Leonard Rayne; Liberty Hall; The Man Who Stayed at Home

1917: Two Little Vagabonds presented by Leonard Rayne; Stephen Black's adaptation/translation of The Flapper, his play Van Kalabas Does His Bit and Damaged Goods.

1918: The Blindness of Virtue, The Double Event, The Morals of Marcus, The Professor’s Love Story, Disraeli, The Christian (with M.A. Wetherell), The Second in Command and The Prodigal Son, all presented by the Leonard Rayne Company; The Wasters; Kyk Hier.

1919: The Ever Open Door presented by Leonard Rayne; Sweet County Kerry, The Burglar and the Lady and Tom Moore presented by the Allen Doone Company.

1920: Two Little Vagabonds presented by Leonard Rayne; Camille.

1925: W.J. Pienaar's Saul (an Afrikaans play); Patriots, a one-act play by Bertha Goudvis presented as part of a triple-bill.

1926: Loyalties, presented by the dramatic section of the Jewish Guild.

1927: Sunshine Land, a South African musical by Bertha Goudvis, produced by Henry Miles.

1929: A revised version of Love and the Hyphen and A Backveld Boer, a comedy in three acts by Stephen Black; The Lady of Belmont presented by Johannesburg Repertory Society.

1935: Conflicting Worlds presented by Elsie Salomon.

1938: The Tempest directed by Muriel Alexander for the Wits Dramatic Society.

1939: The Dominant Sex and George and Margaret presented by Natala Korel; The Millionairess, presented by the Johannesburg Repertory Society; Rose-Marie presented by the Johannesburg Operatic and Dramatic Society; Monsieur Beaucaire.

1940: Major Barbara produced by Leontine Sagan; an Afrikaans adaptation of George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion, entitled Koop my Blomme.

1941: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland produced by Phil Levard for African Consolidated Theatres.

1942: Pawns in the Game, starring Moira Lister; Mademoiselle produced by Siegfried Mynhardt for the Marda Vanne Company; Amphitryon 38, French Without Tears and The Women performed in South Africa by the Johannesburg REPS.

1943: Gwen Ffrangçon-Davies and Marda Vanne presented Watch on the Rhine by Lilian Hellman, starring Gwen ffrangçon-Davies and Derick Redman; Stage Door, Love from a Stranger and Tapestry in Gray presented by the Johannesburg Repertory Players.

1944: Cottage to Let and The Doctor's Dilemma presented by the Johannesburg Repertory Society; The Gold Earth, Lewis Sowden's dramatization of the early Witwatersrand and the discovery of gold; Shakespeare’s Women, presented by Marie Ney; Granite presented by the Johannesburg Repertory Players; Blithe Spirit produced by the Gwen ffrangçon-Davies / Marda Vanne Company in collaboration with African Consolidated Theatres.

1945: Fresh Fields produced by Minna Schneier; While the Sun Shines produced by African Consolidated Theatres; The Merry Wives of Windsor presented by the Gwen ffrangçon-Davies / Marda Vanne Company.

1946: This was a prolific year, with Elizabeth Renfield and company performing Mourning Becomes Electra by Eugene O'Neill and an adaptation of Wuthering Heights with Johann Nell playing Heathcliff opposite Miss Renfield’s Cathy; Di Goldgreber, a Yiddish comedy produced by Faivel Zygielbaum; The Wind of Heaven presented by the Gwen ffrangçon-Davies / Marda Vanne Company; Die Kerkmuis presented by Die Kunsteater in collaboration with African Consolidated Theatres; Dangerous Corner produced by the Johannesburg Repertory Society; A Month in the Country with Sidney James; Wensley Pithey and company staged Laburnum Grove and A Man With Red Hair, both starring Siegfried Mynhardt; the Theatre Guild Company staged The Lady of the Rose; the Munro-Inglis Company produced Shaw’s Pygmalion; The Little Foxes produced by Taubie Kushlick and Jeanny Targowsky; and in December Taubie Kushlick directed and played in George Washington Slept Here, starring Wensley Pithey and Gordon Mulholland.

1947: The Man in Half Moon Street presented by Eric Egan and David Goldblatt in conjunction with African Consolidated Theatres; Marjorie Gordon and company, in association with ACT, presented Coward's Design for Living; Siegfried Mynhardt directed Laura for the Johannesburg REPS; the Munro-Inglis Company staged their last Standard Theatre production, Somerset Maugham's Lady Frederick starring Siegfried Mynhardt and Golden Boy, by Clifford Odets turned out to be the last production to be performed at The Standard. Henry Gilbert cast Eric Boon and Gay Gibson in this 1947 production.

Sources

Percy Tucker, 1997 (See Binge, 1969?, Du Toit, 1988; Tucker, 1997) [TH, JH]

https://johannesburg1912.com/2013/07/29/theatres-in-early-johannesburg/

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