Richard III

A tragedy by William Shakespeare.

As with most of Shakespeare's plays, there are multiple names for the works, from full titles with subtitles, to shortened titles like this one. In this case the play is often listed as The Tragedy of Richard III, Richard the Third, or The Battle of Bosworth Field, Richard the Third, or other combinations thereof. But Richard III is perhaps most commonly used title for the play.

The play and its history

Believed to have been written in approximately 1592, since the Diary of Philip Henslowe records a popular play he calls Buckingham, performed in December 1593 and January 1594, which might have been Shakespeare's play. However, the earliest certain performance occurred on 16 or 17 November 1633, when Charles I and Queen Henrietta Maria watched it on the Queen's birthday. The first quarto (under the title The Tragedy of Richard the Third) is dated 1597.

Colley Cibber produced the most successful of the Restoration adaptations of Shakespeare with his version of Richard III, at Drury Lane starting in 1700. Cibber himself played the role till 1739, and his version was on stage for the next century and a half.

The role has been a favourite of actors throughout the ages.

Notable for South African theatre was the performance by Antony Sher at Stratford in 1985, where he played it on crutches. He wrote his famous diary about his preparation for the role, published as The Year of the King.

South African productions

23 June 1831: Performed in Cape Town by All the World's a Stage in the Cape Town Theatre, with The Children of the Wood (Morton).

23 July 1831: Repeated in Cape Town by All the World's a Stage in the Cape Town Theatre, with The Irishman in London (Macready).

1849 (or possibly 1850): James Lycett and his company did an acclaimed production of the full play in Cape Town, as the opening performance of the new theatre in Haupt's wine store at 21 Hope Street. James Lycett appeared as "Richard". The rest of his company was made up of what Laidler (1926) called "capable amateurs", including Mr Shaw, Mr Brannigan, Mr Bevern, R. Divine, A. Barker, Mr Kirton, The women were Miss Blakemore, Mrs Burdett. Another male, Charles Spolander, played the Duchess of York.

196*: PACOFS, in association with the Bloemfontein Shakespeare Circle, 196*/7*, directed by Jo Gevers, with Jo Gevers, Annatjie Vorster, Marlene Kotzen, *** Bloemfontein Civic Theatre.

1968/9: Robert Mohr directed André P. Brink's translation into Afrikaans for CAPAB, with Cobus Rossouw as Richard. The rest of the cast were, among others, Tine Balder, Sandra Kotzé, Wena Naudé, Nerina Ferreira, Jannie Gildenhuys, Johan Malherbe. The play opened in the Hofmeyr Theatre on 26 August 1968. Decor and costumes by Stephen de Villiers. According to Teater SA, 1(1) and (2), 1968, it [played in 1968, though Danie Botha (LitNet review, quoting André P Brink), it opened on 26 Augustus 1969 in the **. The translation was published by Human & Rousseau in the same year (William Shakespeare; vertaal deur André P Brink: Richard III, Human & Rousseau, Kaapstad, 1969, bl 9.)

1972: PACT, Arena Theatre, Johannesburg

1976: Neville Thomas and John Whiteley in Richard III in 1976 for CAPAB. 2010: The Tragedy of Richard III National Arts Festival 2010. Presented by Abrahamse Meyer Productions in association with the National Arts Festival. Directed by Fred Abrahamse, with David Dennis, Marcel Meyer, Anelisa Phewa. The production is played as a fast-paced political thriller utilizing the small company of three actors in multiople roles, with set designs by Fred Abrahamse, costume design by Marcel Meyer, masks by Izelle Grobler and the puppets by Hillette Stapelberg. It premièred at the Grahamstown Festival in 2010 and played at various venues in the country in 2010-2011.

2014: The classic tale of treachery is set in a heightened, contemporary, supernatural background. An Artscape presentation at the Maynardville Open-Air Theatre in Cape Town. Directed by Lara Bye, with Warrick Grier, Nicky Rebelo, Jennifer Steyn, Rob van Vuuren, Faniswa Yisa,Erica Rogers, Daniel Richards, Kate Liquorish, Wessel Pretorius and others.

South African adaptations

An adaptation of called Hellhound, written by James Whyle, was staged at Upstairs at the Market in 1992.

Sources

Bosman, 1928: 424

http://markettheatre.co.za/shows/watch/the-tragedy-of-richard-lll

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_III_(play)

Artslink News - Monday, January 13, 2014 2:36 PM

Photograph, NELM Manuscripts - [Collection: FLETCHER, Jill]: 2005. 75. 19. 50.

Teater SA, 1(1), 1968.

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