Pantomime as concept

The term has a range of meanings, including:

1 The art or technique of communicating emotions, actions, feelings, and so without words, using only gestures, movements and facial expressions - i.e. as the equivalent of the word "Mime" - which its the more commonly used term today.

2 As a play or entertainment in which the performers express themselves mutely by gestures, often to the accompaniment of music.

3 Most often defined as an exotic form of entertainment for the entire family which is remotely based on a fairy tale or familiar story, but padded with popular songs, topical comedy and peopled with cross-dressed men and women.

For a comprehensive popular overview, see for example the entry on "Pantomime" in Wikipedia [1].

Pantomime in South Africa

Because of socio-political ties with Britain, pantomime became part of the South African theatre tradition in the 19th century.

Beginnings in the 19th Century

The first locally written pantomime in South Africa was performed in 1813, entitled ''The Siege of Troy'' and written by Boniface. Sefton Parry introduced the tradition of a seasonal pantomime with his production of Beauty and the Beast in 1857. In the 1870s and 1880s it was mainly the United Service Dramatic Company of Captain Disney Roebuck that gave annual pantomimes.

Early 20th century

During the First World War the seasonal pantomimes were mainly produced by the J.C. Williamson organisation and the local impresario Leonard Rayne. They initiated the tradition of mounting a pantomime to tour the main centres. This tradition continued by African Theatres, was brought to an end by the depression of the 1930s.

Amateur dramatic societies started to produce pantomimes I 1935, a practice which gained momentum in the late 1950s. After 1955 when African Consolidated Theatres did their last pantomime, amateur dramatic companies became mainly responsible for staging pantomimes.

Pantomimes on ice

These were introduced in 1953 by African Consolidated Theatres.

From 1960 till 1993

In Durban, during the 1960s Marjorie Chase developed this entertainment further. * This trend was only changes in 1980 when NAPAC staged Cinderella by John Moss, the leading local panto scriptwright. During the 1990s PACT produced pantomimes in English and Afrikaans with Janice Honeyman as scriptwright and Nerina Fereira as translator.

From 1994 onwards

(MK)

F.C.L. Bosman. 1928. Drama en Toneel in Suid-Afrika, Deel I: 1652-1855. Pretoria: J.H. de Bussy. [2]: pp. F.C.L. Bosman. 1980. Drama en Toneel in Suid-Afrika, Deel II, 1856-1916. Pretoria: J.L. van Schaik: pp. Conradie, Elizabeth. 1934. Hollandse skrywers uit Suid-Afrika. Deel 1 (1652-1875) 'n Kultuur-historische studie. Pretoria, J.H. de Bussy and Cape Town H.A.U.M..[3] Conradie, Elizabeth, 1949. Hollandse skrywers uit Suid-Afrika. Deel 2 (1875-1905) 'n Kultuur-historische studie. Pretoria, J.H. de Bussy and Cape Town H.A.U.M..[4] P.J. du Toit. 1988. Amateurtoneel in Suid-Afrika. Pretoria: Academica Jill Fletcher. 1994. The Story of Theatre in South Africa: A Guide to its History from 1780-1930. Cape Town: Vlaeberg: p.

Sydney Paul Gosher.  1988. A historical and critical survey of the South African one-act play written in English. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Pretoria: University of South Africa.

Temple Hauptfleisch. 1997. Theatre and Society in South Africa: Reflections in a Fractured Mirror. Pretoria: Van Schaik[5]: pp.

J.C. Kannemeyer. 1984. ‘’Geskiedenis van die Afrikaanse Literatuur’’1. Tafelberg Uitgewers[6]: pp.

J.C. Kannemeyer. 1984. ‘’Geskiedenis van die Afrikaanse Literatuur’’2[7]: pp. Loren Kruger 1999. The Drama of South Africa: Plays, Pageants and Publics Since 1910 London: Routledge

P.W. Laidler. 1926. The Annals of the Cape Stage. Edinburgh: William Bryce: p.

Brian Astbury. 1979. The Space/Die Ruimte/Indawo. Cape Town: Moira and Azriel Fine. Go to ESAT Bibliography