Difference between revisions of "Madame Butterfly"

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'''There are two theatrical works by this name:'''
  
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''[[Madame Butterfly]]'' by David Belasco (1853–1931)
  
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''[[Madame Butterfly]]'' by Giacomo Puccini (1858–1924)
  
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John Luther Long (January 1, 1861 – October 31, 1927) was an American lawyer and writer best known for his short story "Madame Butterfly", which was based on the recollections of his sister, Jennie Correll, who had been to Japan with her husband
 
  
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David Belasco (July 25, 1853 – May 14, 1931) was an American theatrical producer, impresario, director and playwright. He is perhaps most famous for having adapted the short story "Madame Butterfly" into a play with the same name and for penning The Girl of the Golden West for the stage, both of which were adapted as operas by Giacomo Puccini.  
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''Neither to be confused with the play '''[[M. Butterfly]]''' by David Henry Hwang.''
  
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=''[[Madame Butterfly]]'' a one-act play by David Belasco (1853–1931)[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Belasco]=
  
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(Source: Barrow, Brian & Williams-Short, Yvonne (eds.). 1988. ''Theatre Alive! The Baxter Story 1977-1987'').
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Also known under its full, original title as ''[[Madame Butterfly: A Tragedy of Japan]]''  
  
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== The original text ==
  
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Return to [[ESAT Plays 1 M|M]] in Plays 1 Original SA Plays
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Considered Belasco's most famous work, the play is an adaption of the 1898 short story ''[[Madame Butterfly]]'' by John Luther Long (1861–1927), in turn based on the recollections of his sister, Jennie Correll, who had been to Japan with her husband. ''[[Madame Butterfly]]'' was first performed March 5, 1900, at the Herald Square Theatre in New York City, produced by David Belasco.
  
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Return to [[ESAT Plays 2 M|M]] in Plays 2 Foreign Plays
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The text was published in ''Six Plays'' by Little, Brown 1928, and as a single play text by Samuel French, New York in 1935.
  
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Return to [[South_African_Theatre/Plays]]
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==Translations and adaptations==
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Belasco's play, along with the original story,  were - more famously perhaps - used as sources for the opera ''[[Madama Butterfly]]'' by Giacomo Puccini (1858–1924)[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini].
 +
 
 +
Puccini's opera in its turn again inspired the 1988 play ''[[M. Butterfly]]'' by [[David Henry Hwang]].
 +
 
 +
== Performance history of the play in South Africa ==
 +
 
 +
1982: Performed as ''[[Madame Butterfly]]'' in April by the [[Market Theatre Company]] in the [[Market Theatre|Market Theatre Restaurant]], directed by [[Richard Haines]], with [[Vanessa Cooke]], [[Beverley Melnick]], [[David Eppel]], [[Robert Whitehead]], [[Charlotte Ewins]], [[Ralph Lawson]] and [[Hilary Jones]]. Design by [[Murray Weyer]], Music by [[John Oakley-Smith]].
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1982: Performed in the [[Baxter Theatre|Baxter Studio]] by the [[Market Theatre Company]].
 +
 
 +
=''[[Madame Butterfly]]'' an opera by Giacomo Puccini (1858–1924)=
 +
 
 +
==The opera==
 +
 
 +
Originally known as ''[[Madama Butterfly]]'' in Italian, it is an opera in three acts composed by Giacomo Puccini, with an Italian libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa, based on the original story by John Luther Long (1861–1927) and Belasco's play.
 +
 
 +
==Translations and adaptations==
 +
 
 +
Puccini's opera inspired the 1988 play ''[[M. Butterfly]]'' by David Henry Hwang.
 +
 
 +
== Performance history of the opera in South Africa ==
 +
 
 +
1912: Presented by the [[Quinlan Opera Company]].
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 +
1943: Presented in Cape Town at the [[Alhambra Theatre]] and in Johannesburg jointly by [[African Consolidated Theatres]], the [[University of Cape Town]], the [[National Opera Company]], the [[Cape Town Municipal Orchestra]] under [[William Pickerill]] and the [[Johannesburg Philharmonic Society]] under [[John Connell]] (March/April).
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 +
1948: Produced/directed by [[Alessandro Rota]] in the [[Cape Town City Hall]], conducted by [[Geoffrey Miller]], with the Italian soprano, Rina Bellandi, in the role of Cho Cho San (20, 27 March, 3 April 1948).
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 +
1957: Presented by The [[National Opera Association of South Africa]] in Johannesburg and Durban, with [[Nellie du Toit]] as Cio-Cio-San, produced by [[Alessandro Rota]] and conducted by [[Jeremiah Schulman]] (Johannesburg) and [[Frits Schuurman]] (Durban).
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 +
1960: Presented in English by the [[Pretoria Opera Group]], starring [[Nellie du Toit]] as Cio-Cio-San and [[Gé Korsten]] as Pinkerton, produced by [[Hermien Dommisse]], conducted by [[Anton Hartman]].
 +
 
 +
1962: Presented by the [[EOAN Group]]
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 +
1962: Presented by The [[National Opera Association of South Africa]]
 +
 
 +
1964: Presented by [[NAPAC Opera]].
 +
 
 +
1967: Presented in English by [[PACT Opera]], with [[Nellie du Toit]] as Cio-Cio-San and [[Gé Korsten]] as Pinkerton, produced by [[Victor Melleney]], conducted by [[Anton Hartman]].
 +
 
 +
1968: Presented in English by [[PACT Opera]], with [[Nellie du Toit]] as Cio-Cio-San and [[Gé Korsten]] as Pinkerton, produced by [[Victor Melleney]], conducted by [[Leo Quayle]].
 +
 
 +
1969: Presented by [[PACT Opera]]; Concert version presented by [[PACOFS Opera]].
 +
 
 +
1971: Presented by [[CAPAB Opera]].
 +
 
 +
1972: Presented by [[CAPAB Opera]], with [[Nellie du Toit]] as Cio-Cio-San, produced by [[Gregorio Fiasconaro]], conducted by [[David Tidboald]].
 +
 
 +
1973: Presented by [[NAPAC Opera]], with [[Nellie du Toit]] as Cio-Cio-San and [[Gé Korsten]] as Pinkerton, produced by [[Angelo Gobbato]], conducted by [[Bryan Balkwill]]; presented by [[PACOFS Opera]].
 +
 
 +
1976: Presented by [[PACOFS Opera]]
 +
 
 +
1976: Presented by [[NAPAC Opera]], with [[Nellie du Toit]] as Cio-Cio-San, produced by [[Enayat Rezai]], conducted by [[John Pryce-Jones]].
 +
 
 +
1978: Presented by [[PACT Opera]]; presented by [[PACOFS Opera]]; presented by [[CAPAB Opera]].
 +
 
 +
1987: Presented by [[CAPAB Opera]] (2–18 May)
 +
 
 +
1993: Presented by [[CAPAB Opera]] (15 May – 4 June)
 +
 
 +
1996: Presented by [[CAPAB Opera]] (27 April – 12 May)
 +
 
 +
1997: Presented by [[PACOFS]], with [[Virginia Davids]] in the lead role.
 +
 
 +
1999: Presented by [[Cape Town Opera]] (1–15 May)
 +
 
 +
2002: Presented by [[Cape Town Opera]] (26 January – 2 February)
 +
 
 +
2002: Presented by [[Black Tie Ensemble]] in the Drama at the [[State Theatre]] (April 2002). Conductor - [[Christopher Dowdeswell]]; Director - [[Neels Hansen]]; Décor - [[Lindy Grindlay]]; Additional costumes - [[Lindy Grindlay]], [[Bronwen Lovegrove]] & [[Dalene Holt]]; Original costume design 1978 - [[Neels Hansen]]; Lighting - [[Declan Randall]]; Repetitor - [[Susan Steenkamp-Swanepoel]]; ; Chorus master - [[Mathilda Hornsveld]]; Stage manager - [[Christa Snyman]]; Assistant to the director- [[Jonathan Boinamo]]; Japanese coach - [[Ronelle Brand]]; Orchestra - [[Chamber Orchestra of South Africa]]; Concert master - [[Denise Sutton]]. With the following cast: [[Luzuko Mahlaba]]/[[Dewald von Solms]] (BF Pinkerton), [[Given Mabena]] (Goro), [[Kathy Henderson]] (Suzuki), [[Linda Zitha]] (Sharpless), [[Zodumo Mboniswa]] (Cio-Cio San), [[Jonathan Boinamo]] (The Imperial Commissioner),  [[Timothy Bull]] (The Official Registrar), [[Vuyani Mlinde]] (The Bonze), [[Jonathan Boinamo]] (Prince Yamadori), [[Antoinette Olivier]] (Kate Pinkerton), [[Fortune Modise]] (Trouble).
 +
 
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2002: Presented by [[Black Tie Ensemble]] in the [[Sand du Plessis Theatre]] (30 October - 3 November 2002). Conductor - [[Christopher Dowdeswell]]; Director - [[Neels Hansen]]; Décor - [[Lindy Grindlay]]; Additional costumes - [[Lindy Grindlay]], [[Bronwen Lovegrove]] & [[Dalene Holt]]; Original costume design 1978 - [[Neels Hansen]]; Lighting - [[Declan Randall]]; Repetitor - [[Susan Steenkamp-Swanepoel]] and [[Paul Ferreira]]; Chorus master - [[Huibrie Verster]]; Stage manager - [[Amanda van Zyl]]; Assistant to the director- [[Jonathan Boinamo]]; Japanese coach - [[Ronelle Brand]]; Orchestra - [[The Free State Symphony Orchestra]]; Concert master - [[Richard Reid]]. With the following cast: [[Dewald von Solms]] (BF Pinkerton), [[Given Mabena]] (Goro), [[Tina Farr]] (Suzuki), [[Linda Zitha]] (Sharpless), [[Zodumo Mboniswa]] (Cio-Cio San), [[Jonathan Boinamo]] (The Imperial Commissioner),  [[Louwrens Strydom]] (The Official Registrar), [[Vuyani Mlinde]] (The Bonze), [[Jonathan Boinamo]] (Prince Yamadori), [[Antoinette Olivier]] (Kate Pinkerton), [[Timothy Campbell]]/[[Jenade Ridgard]] (Trouble).
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 +
2006: Extracts from ''[[Tosca]]'', ''[[Madama Butterfly]]'', ''[[Don Pasquale]]'' and ''[[L’elisir d’amore]]'' presented as ''[[Four Opera Vignettes]]'' by [[Black Tie Ensemble]] in the Drama Theatre at the [[State Theatre]] (21-28 May 2006). Conductor (Donizetti operas): [[Graham Scott]]; Conductor (Puccini operas): [[Alexander Fokkens]]; Director: [[Michael Gieleta]]; Assistant to the director: [[Madeleen Engelbrecht]]; Technical co-ordinator: [[Vanessa Nicolau]]; Set design: [[James Macnamara Design]]; Costumes design & co-ordinator: [[Lindy Grindlay]], assisted by [[Bronwen Lovegrove]]; Lighting: [[Simon King]]; Repetitors: [[Susan Steenkamp-Swanepoel]], [[Louis Botha]]; Stage manager: [[Mariette Buys]]; Props master: [[Michael Mokwena]]; Orchestra: [[Chamber Orchestra South Africa]]; Concert master: [[Denise Sutton]]; Chorus: [[Black Tie Opera Chorus]]; Chorus master: [[Mathilda Hornsveld]]. With [[Bongiwe Madlala]] (Cio-Cio-San), [[Dewald von Solms]] (Lt Pinkerton), [[Linda Zitha]] (Sharpless), [[Teresa de Wet]] (Suzuki), [[Rheinaldt Moagi]] (Goro), [[Salome Geertsema]] (Kate Pinkerton), [[Dartagnan September]] (Dolore).
 +
 
 +
2009: Presented by [[Cape Town Opera]] (23 May – 5 June)
 +
 
 +
2013: Presented by [[Cape Town Opera]] (19–27 September)
 +
 
 +
== Sources ==
 +
 
 +
[[Ruphin Coudyzer]]. 2023. Annotated list of his photographs of [[Market Theatre]] productions. (Provided by Coudyzer)
 +
 
 +
[[Pat Schwartz]] 1988. ''The Best of Company: The Story of Johannesburg's [[Market Theatre]]''. Johannesburg: Ad Donker.
 +
 
 +
[[ESAT Bibliography Bar-Bas|Barrow, Brian & Williams-Short, Yvonne]] 1988.
 +
 
 +
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madame_Butterfly_(play)
 +
 
 +
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Belasco
 +
 
 +
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini
 +
 
 +
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madama_Butterfly
 +
 
 +
Faximile version of the full text of ''Madame Butterfly, A Tragedy of Japan''] (from "Six Plays" Little, Brown 1928)[http://www.columbia.edu/itc/music/NYCO/butterfly/images/belasco_sm.pdf]
 +
 
 +
[[Wayne Muller]]. 2018. A reception history of opera in Cape Town: Tracing the development of a distinctly South African operatic aesthetic (1985–2015). Unpublished PhD thesis.
 +
 
 +
[[Sjoerd Alkema]]. 2012. "Conductors of the Cape Town Municipal Orchestra, 1914-1965: a historical perspective". [[University of Cape Town]]. Unpublished PhD thesis.
 +
 
 +
[[Alexandra Xenia Sabina Mossolow]]. 2003. The career of South African soprano Nellie du Toit, born 1929. Unpublished Masters thesis. [[University of Stellenbosch]].
 +
 
 +
[[Antoinette Johanna Olivier]]. 2014. 'Exploring contributions to opera by The Black Tie Ensemble: a historical case study'. Mini-dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master‟s in Music at the Potchefstroom Campus of the [[North-West University]].
 +
 
 +
[[Hilde Roos]]. 2012. 'Indigenisation and history: how opera in South Africa became South African opera'. ''Acta Academica Supplementum''. 2012(1).
 +
 
 +
Go to [[ESAT Bibliography]]
 +
 
 +
== Return to ==
 +
 
 +
Return to [[PLAYS I: Original SA plays]]
 +
 
 +
Return to [[PLAYS II: Foreign plays]]
 +
 
 +
Return to [[PLAYS III: Collections]]
 +
 
 +
Return to [[PLAYS IV: Pageants and public performances]]
 +
 
 +
Return to [[South_African_Festivals|South African Festivals and Competitions]]
 +
 
 +
Return to [[The ESAT Entries]]
  
 
Return to [[Main Page]]
 
Return to [[Main Page]]

Latest revision as of 17:00, 21 July 2024

There are two theatrical works by this name:

Madame Butterfly by David Belasco (1853–1931)

Madame Butterfly by Giacomo Puccini (1858–1924)


Neither to be confused with the play M. Butterfly by David Henry Hwang.

Madame Butterfly a one-act play by David Belasco (1853–1931)[1]

Also known under its full, original title as Madame Butterfly: A Tragedy of Japan

The original text

Considered Belasco's most famous work, the play is an adaption of the 1898 short story Madame Butterfly by John Luther Long (1861–1927), in turn based on the recollections of his sister, Jennie Correll, who had been to Japan with her husband. Madame Butterfly was first performed March 5, 1900, at the Herald Square Theatre in New York City, produced by David Belasco.

The text was published in Six Plays by Little, Brown 1928, and as a single play text by Samuel French, New York in 1935.

Translations and adaptations

Belasco's play, along with the original story, were - more famously perhaps - used as sources for the opera Madama Butterfly by Giacomo Puccini (1858–1924)[2].

Puccini's opera in its turn again inspired the 1988 play M. Butterfly by David Henry Hwang.

Performance history of the play in South Africa

1982: Performed as Madame Butterfly in April by the Market Theatre Company in the Market Theatre Restaurant, directed by Richard Haines, with Vanessa Cooke, Beverley Melnick, David Eppel, Robert Whitehead, Charlotte Ewins, Ralph Lawson and Hilary Jones. Design by Murray Weyer, Music by John Oakley-Smith.

1982: Performed in the Baxter Studio by the Market Theatre Company.

Madame Butterfly an opera by Giacomo Puccini (1858–1924)

The opera

Originally known as Madama Butterfly in Italian, it is an opera in three acts composed by Giacomo Puccini, with an Italian libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa, based on the original story by John Luther Long (1861–1927) and Belasco's play.

Translations and adaptations

Puccini's opera inspired the 1988 play M. Butterfly by David Henry Hwang.

Performance history of the opera in South Africa

1912: Presented by the Quinlan Opera Company.

1943: Presented in Cape Town at the Alhambra Theatre and in Johannesburg jointly by African Consolidated Theatres, the University of Cape Town, the National Opera Company, the Cape Town Municipal Orchestra under William Pickerill and the Johannesburg Philharmonic Society under John Connell (March/April).

1948: Produced/directed by Alessandro Rota in the Cape Town City Hall, conducted by Geoffrey Miller, with the Italian soprano, Rina Bellandi, in the role of Cho Cho San (20, 27 March, 3 April 1948).

1957: Presented by The National Opera Association of South Africa in Johannesburg and Durban, with Nellie du Toit as Cio-Cio-San, produced by Alessandro Rota and conducted by Jeremiah Schulman (Johannesburg) and Frits Schuurman (Durban).

1960: Presented in English by the Pretoria Opera Group, starring Nellie du Toit as Cio-Cio-San and Gé Korsten as Pinkerton, produced by Hermien Dommisse, conducted by Anton Hartman.

1962: Presented by the EOAN Group

1962: Presented by The National Opera Association of South Africa

1964: Presented by NAPAC Opera.

1967: Presented in English by PACT Opera, with Nellie du Toit as Cio-Cio-San and Gé Korsten as Pinkerton, produced by Victor Melleney, conducted by Anton Hartman.

1968: Presented in English by PACT Opera, with Nellie du Toit as Cio-Cio-San and Gé Korsten as Pinkerton, produced by Victor Melleney, conducted by Leo Quayle.

1969: Presented by PACT Opera; Concert version presented by PACOFS Opera.

1971: Presented by CAPAB Opera.

1972: Presented by CAPAB Opera, with Nellie du Toit as Cio-Cio-San, produced by Gregorio Fiasconaro, conducted by David Tidboald.

1973: Presented by NAPAC Opera, with Nellie du Toit as Cio-Cio-San and Gé Korsten as Pinkerton, produced by Angelo Gobbato, conducted by Bryan Balkwill; presented by PACOFS Opera.

1976: Presented by PACOFS Opera

1976: Presented by NAPAC Opera, with Nellie du Toit as Cio-Cio-San, produced by Enayat Rezai, conducted by John Pryce-Jones.

1978: Presented by PACT Opera; presented by PACOFS Opera; presented by CAPAB Opera.

1987: Presented by CAPAB Opera (2–18 May)

1993: Presented by CAPAB Opera (15 May – 4 June)

1996: Presented by CAPAB Opera (27 April – 12 May)

1997: Presented by PACOFS, with Virginia Davids in the lead role.

1999: Presented by Cape Town Opera (1–15 May)

2002: Presented by Cape Town Opera (26 January – 2 February)

2002: Presented by Black Tie Ensemble in the Drama at the State Theatre (April 2002). Conductor - Christopher Dowdeswell; Director - Neels Hansen; Décor - Lindy Grindlay; Additional costumes - Lindy Grindlay, Bronwen Lovegrove & Dalene Holt; Original costume design 1978 - Neels Hansen; Lighting - Declan Randall; Repetitor - Susan Steenkamp-Swanepoel; ; Chorus master - Mathilda Hornsveld; Stage manager - Christa Snyman; Assistant to the director- Jonathan Boinamo; Japanese coach - Ronelle Brand; Orchestra - Chamber Orchestra of South Africa; Concert master - Denise Sutton. With the following cast: Luzuko Mahlaba/Dewald von Solms (BF Pinkerton), Given Mabena (Goro), Kathy Henderson (Suzuki), Linda Zitha (Sharpless), Zodumo Mboniswa (Cio-Cio San), Jonathan Boinamo (The Imperial Commissioner), Timothy Bull (The Official Registrar), Vuyani Mlinde (The Bonze), Jonathan Boinamo (Prince Yamadori), Antoinette Olivier (Kate Pinkerton), Fortune Modise (Trouble).

2002: Presented by Black Tie Ensemble in the Sand du Plessis Theatre (30 October - 3 November 2002). Conductor - Christopher Dowdeswell; Director - Neels Hansen; Décor - Lindy Grindlay; Additional costumes - Lindy Grindlay, Bronwen Lovegrove & Dalene Holt; Original costume design 1978 - Neels Hansen; Lighting - Declan Randall; Repetitor - Susan Steenkamp-Swanepoel and Paul Ferreira; Chorus master - Huibrie Verster; Stage manager - Amanda van Zyl; Assistant to the director- Jonathan Boinamo; Japanese coach - Ronelle Brand; Orchestra - The Free State Symphony Orchestra; Concert master - Richard Reid. With the following cast: Dewald von Solms (BF Pinkerton), Given Mabena (Goro), Tina Farr (Suzuki), Linda Zitha (Sharpless), Zodumo Mboniswa (Cio-Cio San), Jonathan Boinamo (The Imperial Commissioner), Louwrens Strydom (The Official Registrar), Vuyani Mlinde (The Bonze), Jonathan Boinamo (Prince Yamadori), Antoinette Olivier (Kate Pinkerton), Timothy Campbell/Jenade Ridgard (Trouble).

2006: Extracts from Tosca, Madama Butterfly, Don Pasquale and L’elisir d’amore presented as Four Opera Vignettes by Black Tie Ensemble in the Drama Theatre at the State Theatre (21-28 May 2006). Conductor (Donizetti operas): Graham Scott; Conductor (Puccini operas): Alexander Fokkens; Director: Michael Gieleta; Assistant to the director: Madeleen Engelbrecht; Technical co-ordinator: Vanessa Nicolau; Set design: James Macnamara Design; Costumes design & co-ordinator: Lindy Grindlay, assisted by Bronwen Lovegrove; Lighting: Simon King; Repetitors: Susan Steenkamp-Swanepoel, Louis Botha; Stage manager: Mariette Buys; Props master: Michael Mokwena; Orchestra: Chamber Orchestra South Africa; Concert master: Denise Sutton; Chorus: Black Tie Opera Chorus; Chorus master: Mathilda Hornsveld. With Bongiwe Madlala (Cio-Cio-San), Dewald von Solms (Lt Pinkerton), Linda Zitha (Sharpless), Teresa de Wet (Suzuki), Rheinaldt Moagi (Goro), Salome Geertsema (Kate Pinkerton), Dartagnan September (Dolore).

2009: Presented by Cape Town Opera (23 May – 5 June)

2013: Presented by Cape Town Opera (19–27 September)

Sources

Ruphin Coudyzer. 2023. Annotated list of his photographs of Market Theatre productions. (Provided by Coudyzer)

Pat Schwartz 1988. The Best of Company: The Story of Johannesburg's Market Theatre. Johannesburg: Ad Donker.

Barrow, Brian & Williams-Short, Yvonne 1988.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madame_Butterfly_(play)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Belasco

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madama_Butterfly

Faximile version of the full text of Madame Butterfly, A Tragedy of Japan] (from "Six Plays" Little, Brown 1928)[3]

Wayne Muller. 2018. A reception history of opera in Cape Town: Tracing the development of a distinctly South African operatic aesthetic (1985–2015). Unpublished PhD thesis.

Sjoerd Alkema. 2012. "Conductors of the Cape Town Municipal Orchestra, 1914-1965: a historical perspective". University of Cape Town. Unpublished PhD thesis.

Alexandra Xenia Sabina Mossolow. 2003. The career of South African soprano Nellie du Toit, born 1929. Unpublished Masters thesis. University of Stellenbosch.

Antoinette Johanna Olivier. 2014. 'Exploring contributions to opera by The Black Tie Ensemble: a historical case study'. Mini-dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Master‟s in Music at the Potchefstroom Campus of the North-West University.

Hilde Roos. 2012. 'Indigenisation and history: how opera in South Africa became South African opera'. Acta Academica Supplementum. 2012(1).

Go to ESAT Bibliography

Return to

Return to PLAYS I: Original SA plays

Return to PLAYS II: Foreign plays

Return to PLAYS III: Collections

Return to PLAYS IV: Pageants and public performances

Return to South African Festivals and Competitions

Return to The ESAT Entries

Return to Main Page

Retrieved from "https://esat.sun.ac.za/index.php?title=Madame_Butterfly&oldid=263301"