Difference between revisions of "Il Servitore di Due Padroni"

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''Il Servitore di Due Padroni'' ("''The Servant of Two Masters''" or sometimes translated as "''Servant of Two Masters''") [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servant_of_Two_Masters] is a 1746 comic play by Italian playwright Carlo Goldoni (1707–1793) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Goldoni].
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''[[Il Servitore di Due Padroni]]'' ("The Servant of Two Masters") is a comedy by the Italian playwright Carlo Goldoni (1707–1793)[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Goldoni]
  
 
== The original text ==
 
== The original text ==
  
The first draft (1746) and subsequent early drafts had large sections that were reserved for improvisation, but Goldoni revised it in 1753 in the version that exists today.
+
The first draft (1745/6) and subsequent early drafts had large sections that were reserved for improvisation, but Goldoni revised it in 1753 in the version that exists today.
 +
 
 +
The play was apparently first performed in Milan in 1749 by the company of Antonio Sacco, for whom it had been written. Early drafts have large sections reserved for improvisation, but the 1753 revision has become the standard text.
  
 
==Translations and adaptations==
 
==Translations and adaptations==
  
 +
The play has been translated and adapted internationally and into various languages numerous times over the centuries.
  
Translated into English as ''[[The Servant of Two Masters]]'' by [[Anne Lawrance]] in 19702/3.
+
===English translations===
  
The play has been translated and adapted internationally and into various languages numerous times over the centuries.
+
The play has often been translated and performed in English, usually under the title '''''[[Servant of Two Masters]]''''' (see for example ''[[Servant of Two Masters]]'' in [[Wikipedia]][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servant_of_Two_Masters]).
 +
 
 +
Translated into English as '''''[[The Servant of Two Masters]]''''' by [[Anne Lawrance]] in 1972/3.
 +
 
 +
===English adaptations===
 +
 
 +
Translated and adapted into English as '''''[[The Hotel, or The Double Valet]]''''', a farce in two acts by Thomas Vaughan (fl. 1772-1820)[], originally performed at the Theatre-Royal in Drury-Lane in 1776, and published by  T. Becket,1776. Vaughan apparently based his play not only on Carlo Goldoni's farce, but also on ''[[Arlequin Valet de Deux Maitres]]'', a standard piece from the Italian commedia dell'arte, regularly performed by the Comédie Italienne in Paris. 
 +
 
 +
Vaughan's play was in turn adapted as '''''[[Two Strings to your Bow]]''''', a farce in two acts, by Robert Jephson (1736-1803)[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Jephson]. Jephson's version was originally performed in Ireland at Smock Alley under the title ''[[The Hotel, or The Servant with Two Masters]]'' in 1783 and printed in Cork. It was first performed in London at the Theatres Royal, Covent Garden and the Drury Lane as ''[[Two Strings to your Bow]]'' in 1791. Printed in London for C. and G. Kearsley,1791. In his study [[F.C.L. Bosman]] (1928) wrongly attributes authorship of ''[[Two Strings to your Bow]]'' to the actor Andrew Cherry, who had played the character "Lazarillo" in the Drury Lane production.
  
Translated into [[Afrikaans]] as ''[[Wie de Drommel is Paskwaal?]]'' by an unknown translator, and performed by [[NTO]] in 1961.
+
===[[Afrikaans]] translations===
  
Another Afrikaans version entitled ''[[Wie de drommel is Paskwaal? Die kneg van twee meesters]]'' was apparently done by [[Bennie Janeke]] and published by [[PACOFS]] in 197*.  
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Translated into [[Afrikaans]] as '''''[[Wie de Drommel is Paskwaal?]]''''' ("Who the heck is Pasquale?") by an unknown translator, and performed by [[NTO]] in 1961.  
  
Another [[Afrikaans]] version, now adapted and translated into [[Afrikaans]] as ''[[Kneg van Twee Meesters]]'' by [[Ben Dehaeck]].  
+
Translated and adapted as '''''[[Kneg van Twee Meesters]]''''' ("The servant of two masters") by [[Ben Dehaeck]].
  
 +
Translated as '''''[[Wie de Drommel is Paskwaal? Die Kneg van Twee Meesters]]''''' ("Who the heck is Pasquale? The servant of two masters") by [[Bennie Janecke]] and performed and published by [[PACOFS]] in 197*.
  
 
== Performance history in South Africa ==
 
== Performance history in South Africa ==
  
1961: Performed in [[Afrikaans]] as ''[[Wie de Drommel is Paskwaal?]]'' by [[NTO]].  
+
1818: Performed as ''[[Two Strings to your Bow]]'' in the [[African Theatre]], Cape Town by the [[Garrison Players]] on 7 November, as a benefit for [[Mrs Brough]], with ''[[The Will]]'' (Reynolds).
 +
 
 +
1823: Performed  as ''[[Two Strings to your Bow]]'' by the [[Garrison Players|Amateur Company]] as a benefit for [[Mrs Green]], in the [[African Theatre]], Cape Town on 25 November 1823; with ''[[Wild Oats]]'' by O'Keeffe.  
  
 +
1824: Performed  as ''[[Two Strings to your Bow]]'' in the [[African Theatre]] on 24 July by the [[Garrison Players]], along with ''[[John Bull, or an Englishman's Fireside]]'' (Colman Jr).
  
1973: Performed in English (the Lawrance  translation) as  ''[[The Servant of Two Masters]]'' by the [[Pretoria Shakespeare Circle]], directed by [[Anne Lawrance]], with [[Basil Petzer]], [[Margaret Savage]], [[David Swanepoel]], [[Anton Harrop Allin]], [[Daphne van der Linden]], [[Jean du Plessis]], [[Bill Dormehl]], [[Roy Moores]], [[Hazel Roberts]], [[Max van Zyl]], [[Peter Oberholzer]], [[James Dalton]] and [[Bobbi Thorsen]].
+
 
 +
1961-2: Performed in [[Afrikaans]] as ''[[Wie de Drommel is Paskwaal?]]'' by  [[NTO]]'s Cape Town [[NTO Youth Company]], with [[Jannie Gildenhuys]], [[Cobus Rossouw]], [[Leonora Nel]], [[Irene Durr]], [[Limpie Basson]].
 +
 
 +
1973: Performed in English (the Lawrance  translation) as  ''[[The Servant of Two Masters]]'' by the Pretoria [[Shakespeare Circle]], directed by [[Anne Lawrance]], with [[Basil Petzer]], [[Margaret Savage]], [[David Swanepoel]], [[Anton Harrop Allin]], [[Daphne van der Linden]], [[Jean du Plessis]], [[Bill Dormehl]], [[Roy Moores]], [[Hazel Roberts]], [[Max van Zyl]], [[Peter Oberholzer]], [[James Dalton]] and [[Bobbi Thorsen]].
  
 
== Sources ==
 
== Sources ==
  
''Wikipedia'' [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servant_of_Two_Masters]
+
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servant_of_Two_Masters
  
[[Pretoria Shakespeare Circle]] theatre programme, 1973.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Goldoni
  
[[Wilhelm Grütter| Grütter, Wilhelm]], [[CAPAB]] 25 Years, 1987. Unpublished research.)
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''Two strings to your bow'': a farce, in two acts, as now performed at the Theatre-Royal, Covent-Garden, with distinguished applause. By Robert Jephson, Esq. at http://ota.ox.ac.uk/id/4239 via http://writersinspire.org/content/two-strings-your-bow-farce-two-acts-now-performed-theatre-royal-covent-garden-distinguished. Accessed on Friday, June 24, 2016.
  
Go to [[ESAT Bibliography]]
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''The hotel: or, the double valet''. A farce, in two acts. As it is performed at the Theatre-Royal in Drury-Lane. By Thomas Vaughan, Esq. at http://ota.ox.ac.uk/id/3999 via http://writersinspire.org/content/hotel-or-double-valet-farce-two-acts-it-performed-theatre-royal-drury-lane-thomas-vaughan. Accessed on Thursday, June 23, 2016.
  
== Return to ==
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Facsimile version of the 1806 published text by John Cawthorn, Google E-book[https://books.google.co.za/books?id=MbULAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA4&lpg=PA4&dq=Robert+Jephson+Two+Strings+to+your+Bow&source=bl&ots=grob4nhl64&sig=mmH7ARI5glRvLgeE6hQgOcAHSBY&hl=af&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiFtcWVk8HNAhVCD8AKHQp4DJcQ6AEILjAD#v=onepage&q=Robert%20Jephson%20Two%20Strings%20to%20your%20Bow&f=false]
  
Return to [[PLAYS I: Original SA plays]]
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David Erskine Baker. 1812. ''Biographia Dramatica: Or, A Companion to the Playhouse'', Volume 2. Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown: p. 310 - Google E-book[https://books.google.co.za/books?id=HQQyAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA310&lpg=PA310&dq=The+Hotel+or+Double+Valet+Vaughan&source=bl&ots=RICvqxImQl&sig=7ruspJqSPI6-sevsHKmnlqjD5Ao&hl=af&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjPtK2WmsHNAhXBChoKHaU8CKk4ChDoAQgpMAM#v=onepage&q=The%20Hotel%20or%20Double%20Valet%20Vaughan&f=false]
  
Return to [[PLAYS II: Foreign plays]]
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Asier Altuna Garciá de Salazar. 2008 “Robert Jephson, Anglo-Ireland, A Spanish Lazarillo of Valencia and the farcical recourse to food in Two Strings to Your Bow (1791)” in ''Odisea'' No 9. [https://books.google.co.za/books?id=4k3kCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA11&lpg=PA11&dq=The+Hotel+or+Double+Valet+Vaughan&source=bl&ots=Uqm1aPybH8&sig=NBrtcj37D9JlZTvGtJoHj9mPrJs&hl=af&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiE04msl8HNAhVJDsAKHbd5DhAQ6AEIUzAJ#v=onepage&q=The%20Hotel%20or%20Double%20Valet%20Vaughan&f=false]
  
Return to [[PLAYS III: Collections]]
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Jephson
  
Return to [[PLAYS IV: Pageants and public performances]]
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[[F.C.L. Bosman]], 1928. ''Drama en Toneel in Suid-Afrika, Deel I: 1652-1855''. Pretoria: [[J.H. de Bussy]]. [http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/bosm012dram01_01/]:  pp. 155, 185
  
Return to [[South_African_Festivals|South African Festivals and Competitions]]
+
''Wikipedia'' [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servant_of_Two_Masters]
  
Return to [[The ESAT Entries]]
+
[[Pretoria Shakespeare Circle]] theatre programme, 1973.
  
Return to [[Main Page]]
+
[[Wilhelm Grütter| Grütter, Wilhelm]], [[CAPAB]] 25 Years, 1987. Unpublished research.)
  
 +
http://www.worldcat.org/title/wie-de-drommel-is-paskwaal-die-kneg-van-twee-meesters-n-blyspel-in-drie-bedrywe/oclc/638485185
  
 +
[[Danie Botha]], "Toneel-oomblikke dekades later steeds onvergeetlik" , [[Die Burger]], 3 January, 2000[http://m24arg02.naspers.com/argief/berigte/dieburger/2000/01/03/4/5.html]
  
Go to [[ESAT Bibliography]]
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Go to the [[ESAT Bibliography]]
  
 
== Return to ==
 
== Return to ==
Line 71: Line 91:
  
 
Return to [[Main Page]]
 
Return to [[Main Page]]
 
''[[Wie de Drommel is Paskwaal?]]'' is an [[Afrikaans]] translation (translator unknown) of ''[[Il Servitore di Due Padroni]]'' (''[[The Servant of Two Masters]]''), a play by Carlo Goldoni (1707–1793)[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Goldoni]. 
 
 
 
== Translations and adaptations ==
 
 
Translated as ''[[Wie de drommel is Paskwaal?]]'' by an unknown translator in 1960/61(?)
 
 
Translated as ''[[Wie de drommel is Paskwaal? Die kneg van twee meesters]]'' by [[Bennie Janeke]] and published by [[PACOFS]].
 
 
== South African performances ==
 
 
 
1961: Produced in Cape Town by [[NTO]] in 1961, directed by ** with [[Siegfried Mynhardt]], [[Jannie Gildenhuys]], [[Cobus Rossouw]] and [[Leonora Nel]] in an [[NTO]] production in October 1961.
 
 
197*: Performed by [[PACOFS]]
 

Latest revision as of 12:36, 8 February 2018

Il Servitore di Due Padroni ("The Servant of Two Masters") is a comedy by the Italian playwright Carlo Goldoni (1707–1793)[1]

The original text

The first draft (1745/6) and subsequent early drafts had large sections that were reserved for improvisation, but Goldoni revised it in 1753 in the version that exists today.

The play was apparently first performed in Milan in 1749 by the company of Antonio Sacco, for whom it had been written. Early drafts have large sections reserved for improvisation, but the 1753 revision has become the standard text.

Translations and adaptations

The play has been translated and adapted internationally and into various languages numerous times over the centuries.

English translations

The play has often been translated and performed in English, usually under the title Servant of Two Masters (see for example Servant of Two Masters in Wikipedia[2]).

Translated into English as The Servant of Two Masters by Anne Lawrance in 1972/3.

English adaptations

Translated and adapted into English as The Hotel, or The Double Valet, a farce in two acts by Thomas Vaughan (fl. 1772-1820)[], originally performed at the Theatre-Royal in Drury-Lane in 1776, and published by T. Becket,1776. Vaughan apparently based his play not only on Carlo Goldoni's farce, but also on Arlequin Valet de Deux Maitres, a standard piece from the Italian commedia dell'arte, regularly performed by the Comédie Italienne in Paris.

Vaughan's play was in turn adapted as Two Strings to your Bow, a farce in two acts, by Robert Jephson (1736-1803)[3]. Jephson's version was originally performed in Ireland at Smock Alley under the title The Hotel, or The Servant with Two Masters in 1783 and printed in Cork. It was first performed in London at the Theatres Royal, Covent Garden and the Drury Lane as Two Strings to your Bow in 1791. Printed in London for C. and G. Kearsley,1791. In his study F.C.L. Bosman (1928) wrongly attributes authorship of Two Strings to your Bow to the actor Andrew Cherry, who had played the character "Lazarillo" in the Drury Lane production.

Afrikaans translations

Translated into Afrikaans as Wie de Drommel is Paskwaal? ("Who the heck is Pasquale?") by an unknown translator, and performed by NTO in 1961.

Translated and adapted as Kneg van Twee Meesters ("The servant of two masters") by Ben Dehaeck.

Translated as Wie de Drommel is Paskwaal? Die Kneg van Twee Meesters ("Who the heck is Pasquale? The servant of two masters") by Bennie Janecke and performed and published by PACOFS in 197*.

Performance history in South Africa

1818: Performed as Two Strings to your Bow in the African Theatre, Cape Town by the Garrison Players on 7 November, as a benefit for Mrs Brough, with The Will (Reynolds).

1823: Performed as Two Strings to your Bow by the Amateur Company as a benefit for Mrs Green, in the African Theatre, Cape Town on 25 November 1823; with Wild Oats by O'Keeffe.

1824: Performed as Two Strings to your Bow in the African Theatre on 24 July by the Garrison Players, along with John Bull, or an Englishman's Fireside (Colman Jr).


1961-2: Performed in Afrikaans as Wie de Drommel is Paskwaal? by NTO's Cape Town NTO Youth Company, with Jannie Gildenhuys, Cobus Rossouw, Leonora Nel, Irene Durr, Limpie Basson.

1973: Performed in English (the Lawrance translation) as The Servant of Two Masters by the Pretoria Shakespeare Circle, directed by Anne Lawrance, with Basil Petzer, Margaret Savage, David Swanepoel, Anton Harrop Allin, Daphne van der Linden, Jean du Plessis, Bill Dormehl, Roy Moores, Hazel Roberts, Max van Zyl, Peter Oberholzer, James Dalton and Bobbi Thorsen.

Sources

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servant_of_Two_Masters

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Goldoni

Two strings to your bow: a farce, in two acts, as now performed at the Theatre-Royal, Covent-Garden, with distinguished applause. By Robert Jephson, Esq. at http://ota.ox.ac.uk/id/4239 via http://writersinspire.org/content/two-strings-your-bow-farce-two-acts-now-performed-theatre-royal-covent-garden-distinguished. Accessed on Friday, June 24, 2016.

The hotel: or, the double valet. A farce, in two acts. As it is performed at the Theatre-Royal in Drury-Lane. By Thomas Vaughan, Esq. at http://ota.ox.ac.uk/id/3999 via http://writersinspire.org/content/hotel-or-double-valet-farce-two-acts-it-performed-theatre-royal-drury-lane-thomas-vaughan. Accessed on Thursday, June 23, 2016.

Facsimile version of the 1806 published text by John Cawthorn, Google E-book[4]

David Erskine Baker. 1812. Biographia Dramatica: Or, A Companion to the Playhouse, Volume 2. Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown: p. 310 - Google E-book[5]

Asier Altuna Garciá de Salazar. 2008 “Robert Jephson, Anglo-Ireland, A Spanish Lazarillo of Valencia and the farcical recourse to food in Two Strings to Your Bow (1791)” in Odisea No 9. [6]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Jephson

F.C.L. Bosman, 1928. Drama en Toneel in Suid-Afrika, Deel I: 1652-1855. Pretoria: J.H. de Bussy. [7]: pp. 155, 185

Wikipedia [8]

Pretoria Shakespeare Circle theatre programme, 1973.

Grütter, Wilhelm, CAPAB 25 Years, 1987. Unpublished research.)

http://www.worldcat.org/title/wie-de-drommel-is-paskwaal-die-kneg-van-twee-meesters-n-blyspel-in-drie-bedrywe/oclc/638485185

Danie Botha, "Toneel-oomblikke dekades later steeds onvergeetlik" , Die Burger, 3 January, 2000[9]

Go to the ESAT Bibliography

Return to

Return to PLAYS I: Original SA plays

Return to PLAYS II: Foreign plays

Return to PLAYS III: Collections

Return to PLAYS IV: Pageants and public performances

Return to South African Festivals and Competitions

Return to The ESAT Entries

Return to Main Page