Difference between revisions of "Language struggle"

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== The notion of a language struggle ==
 
  
Language has long been a very contentious issue, and still is, in South Africa, part of the search for identity and recognition by the various communities and cultural groups.
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= '''This article needs expansion''' =
  
  
== Afrikaanse Taalstryd (Afrikaans language struggle)  ==
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== The notion of a [[language struggle]] or a [[language movement]] ==
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Language has long been a very contentious issue, and still is, in South Africa, part of the search for identity and recognition by the various communities and cultural groups.
 +
 
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== [[Afrikaanse Taalstryd]] ("[[Afrikaans]] language struggle")  ==
 
   
 
   
The "language struggle" referred to here, is the '''Afrikaanse Taalstryd''' (="Language Struggle for [[Afrikaans]]"") of the late 19th century and early 20th century, in which the descendents of the Dutch population in the country fought to have the local version of Dutch (originally termed "kitchen Dutch", as it was spoken by slaves and "backward" farmers, but gradually named Afrikaansch [*?] or [[Afrikaans]]) accepted as an official language, instead of or alongside English (in this case rather than official or "High" Dutch). The battle was finally won in 1925.
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The "language struggle" referred to here, is the '''Afrikaanse Taalstryd''' (="Language Struggle for [[Afrikaans]]") of the late 19th century and early 20th century, in which the descendents of the [[Dutch]]-speaking population in the country fought to have the local version of [[Dutch]] (originally termed "[[Kitchen Dutch]]", as it was spoken by slaves and "backward" farmers, but gradually named Afrikaansch [*?] or [[Afrikaans]]) accepted as an official language, instead of or alongside English (in this case rather than official or "High" Dutch). The battle was finally won in 1925 when a motion by [[C.J. Langenhoven]] was approved in parliament, declaring [[Afrikaans]] one of the two official languages of the [[The Union of South Africa]], replacing Dutch.  
  
 
The arts - including a vibrant theatre - were employed actively and consciously to attain these ends.
 
The arts - including a vibrant theatre - were employed actively and consciously to attain these ends.
  
In history books it has become traditional to divide this into two periods or '''taalbewegings''' ("language movements"), Die '''Eerste Taalbeweging'''  and die '''Tweede Taalbeweging''', which began in 18** and ended with the acceptance of Afrikaans as an official language in 1925.  There are those who see this as a somewhat artificial periodisation. There are stong signs of a new struggle emerging, even a new language movement, since 1990.     
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In history books it has become traditional to divide this into two periods or '''[[Taalbeweging|taalbewegings]]''' ("language movements"), Die '''[[Eerste Taalbeweging]]'''  and die '''[[Tweede Taalbeweging]]''', which began in 18** and ended with the acceptance of [[Afrikaans]] as an official language, alongside English,  in 1925.  There are those who see this as a somewhat artificial periodisation. There are strong signs of a new struggle emerging, even a new language movement, particularly in Universities and other tertiary training institutions, since 1990, coming to a head with riots and protests in 2015-2016.     
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=== The ''[[Eerste Taalbeweging]]'' ===
  
=== The ''Eerste Taalbeweging'' ===
 
  
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=== The ''[[Tweede Taalbeweging]]'' ===
  
=== The ''Tweede Taalbeweging'' ===
 
  
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=== The ''[[Derde Taalbeweging]]''? (1990-) ===
  
=== A ''Derde Taalbeweging''? (1990-) ===
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== Other language struggles ==
  
  
  
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=== Preservation of the Xhoisan languages ===
  
  
  
== Other language struggles ==
 
  
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=== The South African English language movement ===
  
  
=== Preservation of the Xhoisan languages ===
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The battle to establish [[South African English]] ([[SAE]]) as the local version of English, to argue for recognition of [[English Speaking South Africans]] (ESSAs) as a distinctive cultural group, and to recognise writing in English by South African authors. Key figures here included [[Jean Branford]], [[William Branford]] [[Guy Butler]], [[Stephen Gray]], [[Jack Cope]],
  
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A number of bodies have involved themselves in the issues surrounding SAE
  
  
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#The [[English Academy of Southern Africa]]
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#The [[A Dictionary of South African English|Dictionary Unit for South African English]]
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#The [[1820 Settlers' Foundation]]
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#The [[Grahamstown Foundation]]
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#The [[Institute for the Study of English in Africa]] 
  
=== The South African English language movement ===
 
  
  
The battle to establish [[South African English]] (SAE) as the local version of English, to argue for recognition of [[English Speaking South Africans]] (ESSAs) as a distinctive cultural group, and to recognise writing in English by South African authors. Key figures here included [[Jean Branford]], [[William Branford]] [[Guy Butler]], [[Stephen Gray]], [[Jack Cope]],
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Another influential
  
 
=== Kaaps and the "Coloured" identity ===
 
=== Kaaps and the "Coloured" identity ===
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== Return to ==
 
== Return to ==
  
Return to [[South_African_Theatre/Themes|South African Theatre Terminology and Thematic Entries]]
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== Return to ==
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Return to [[The South African Context/General Terminology and Thematic Entries]]
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Return to [[South African Theatre/Terminology and Thematic Entries]]
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Return to [[South African Film /Terminology and Thematic Entries]]
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Return to [[South African Media/Terminology and Thematic Entries]]
  
 
Return to [[The ESAT Entries]]
 
Return to [[The ESAT Entries]]
  
 
Return to [[Main Page]]
 
Return to [[Main Page]]
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 +

Revision as of 05:52, 6 February 2017

This article needs expansion

The notion of a language struggle or a language movement

Language has long been a very contentious issue, and still is, in South Africa, part of the search for identity and recognition by the various communities and cultural groups.

Afrikaanse Taalstryd ("Afrikaans language struggle")

The "language struggle" referred to here, is the Afrikaanse Taalstryd (="Language Struggle for Afrikaans") of the late 19th century and early 20th century, in which the descendents of the Dutch-speaking population in the country fought to have the local version of Dutch (originally termed "Kitchen Dutch", as it was spoken by slaves and "backward" farmers, but gradually named Afrikaansch [*?] or Afrikaans) accepted as an official language, instead of or alongside English (in this case rather than official or "High" Dutch). The battle was finally won in 1925 when a motion by C.J. Langenhoven was approved in parliament, declaring Afrikaans one of the two official languages of the The Union of South Africa, replacing Dutch.

The arts - including a vibrant theatre - were employed actively and consciously to attain these ends.

In history books it has become traditional to divide this into two periods or taalbewegings ("language movements"), Die Eerste Taalbeweging and die Tweede Taalbeweging, which began in 18** and ended with the acceptance of Afrikaans as an official language, alongside English, in 1925. There are those who see this as a somewhat artificial periodisation. There are strong signs of a new struggle emerging, even a new language movement, particularly in Universities and other tertiary training institutions, since 1990, coming to a head with riots and protests in 2015-2016.


The Eerste Taalbeweging

The Tweede Taalbeweging

The Derde Taalbeweging? (1990-)

Other language struggles

Preservation of the Xhoisan languages

The South African English language movement

The battle to establish South African English (SAE) as the local version of English, to argue for recognition of English Speaking South Africans (ESSAs) as a distinctive cultural group, and to recognise writing in English by South African authors. Key figures here included Jean Branford, William Branford Guy Butler, Stephen Gray, Jack Cope,

A number of bodies have involved themselves in the issues surrounding SAE


  1. The English Academy of Southern Africa
  2. The Dictionary Unit for South African English
  3. The 1820 Settlers' Foundation
  4. The Grahamstown Foundation
  5. The Institute for the Study of English in Africa


Another influential

Kaaps and the "Coloured" identity

The recogition and preservation of the African languages

Sources

For more information

Return to

Return to

Return to The South African Context/General Terminology and Thematic Entries

Return to South African Theatre/Terminology and Thematic Entries

Return to South African Film /Terminology and Thematic Entries

Return to South African Media/Terminology and Thematic Entries

Return to The ESAT Entries

Return to Main Page