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| − | The word [[Fringe]] has been part of theatrical terminology since the late 1940s.
| + | #REDIRECT[[Fringe Theatre]] |
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| − | = Dictionary definition =
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| − | == General definition ==
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| − | It has had many meanings over the years of course, and its cultural and social meanings are also quite diverse. For instance, the word is defined as follows in the ''Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary'':
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| − | ''An ornamental border of threads left loose or formed into tassels or twists, used to edge clothing or material; The front part of someone’s hair, cut so as to hang over the forehead; A natural border of hair or fibres in an animal or plant; the "fringe" (or often "the fringes") are the outer, marginal, or extreme part(s) of an area, group, or sphere of activity.'' The socio-cultural derivatives are the notion of something not part of the mainstream, or main event.
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| − | == The specific social/cultural meaning of the term fringe ==
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| − | Based on the last mentioned interpretation, e.g. '''Fringe''' culture and art forms, (otherwise also called '''Alternative''', '''Experimental''' or '''Avant-garde''' culture art forms) refers to an oppositional, experimental and/or non-conformist approach to art and culture.
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| − | == [[Theatrical]] use of the term [[Fringe]] ==
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| − | In terms of theatre the concept of [[Fringe Theatre]], (also referred to as [[Alternative Theatre]], [[Experimental Theatre]] or [[Avant-garde Theatre]]) is thus also seen as work that deviates from, radicalizes and/or opposes the mainstream or conventional work of the time, experimenting with unconventional performance forms, and audacious and challenging subject matter and content. (See also the notion of [[Counterculture]])
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| − | == Origins of the notion and the specific term [[Fringe Theatre]]==
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| − | It is generally accepted by most sources that the specific theatrical use of the term [[Fringe]] originated from the late 1960s with the activities taking place on the "fringe" of the Edinburgh Festival. The '''Edinburgh Festival Fringe'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburgh_Festival_Fringe] began as an alternative to the '''Edinburgh International Festival''' and takes place annually during three weeks of August. Attached as it was to what would become the largest arts festival in the world, the fringe event set in motion an international fringe movement, with "fringe" events gradually assuming the status of independent [[venue]]s and/or [[festival]]s, and such with "fringe festivals" occurring each year across the globe.
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| − | =[[Fringe Theatre]] in South Africa =
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| − | In South Africa the term [[Fringe Theatre]] has also been closely allied to other notions, such as [[Alternative Theatre]], [[Experimental Theatre]], [[Avant-garde Theatre]], etc. Though it dates from much earlier, the real impetus came with the so-called Cultural Struggle of the 1970s-1980s.
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| − | It occurs in two forms in the country: (2.1) As the name of a set of events at a [[festival]], and of an alternative festival and (2.2) as the name of a theatrical company or venue.
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| − | ==As a festival or festival activity==
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| − | Deriving from the processes described above, we find the first use of the term from the very beginning of the [[Grahamstown Festival]] in the mid 1970s. Since then there have been a number of similar "fringe" events at South African [[festival]]s, including:
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| − | === The Grahamstown Fringe ===
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| − | See '''[[Grahamstown Festival]]'''
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| − | ===The Cape Town Fringe===
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| − | == As the name for a theatrical company or venue ==
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| − | === '''Fringe''', Cape Town - the name of a company ===
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| − | An experimental theatre company founded in Cape Town by in 1977 by [[Dawie Malan]], [[Chris Galloway]], [[Bill Curry]] and others. Productions include ''[[Exit the King]]'', ''[[Deathwatch]]'', ''[[Die Van Aardes van Grootoor]]'' (1977-79), ''[[Info Scandals]]'', ''[[The Haunted Host]]'' and **. They played at the [[Space Theatre]] and a number of these also played at the [[Market Theatre]]
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| − | === '''The Fringe''', Johannesburg===
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| − | [[The Fringe]] is a designated venue in the [[Joburg Theatre Complex]] the [[Johannesburg Civic Theatre|Joburg Theatre]].
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| − | =Sources =
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| − | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fringe_theatre
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| − | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburgh_Festival_Fringe
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| − | = Return to =
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| − | Return to [[South_African_Theatre/Themes|South African Theatre Terminology and Thematic Entries]]
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| − | Return to [[South_African_Theatre/Venues|South African Theatre Venues, Companies, Societies, etc ]]
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| − | Return to [[The ESAT Entries]]
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| − | Return to [[Main Page]]
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