Professional

Professional is a term used to refer to any person (or company/business) earning a living as a specialized worker in a chosen field .

In Afrikaans it is referred to as professioneel or professionele.

Though providing a general definition to start with, this entry naturally tends to refer specifically to anyone who earns a living as a specialized worker in the performing arts profession (i.e. theatre, film, radio, television and performance).

Basic definition

The term professional can be used as a noun or adjective, as well as an adverb in the form professionally,

As a noun

Used to basically refer to anyone who earns a living as a specialized worker in the theatrical profession (ususally in the form "he/she is a professional). It means that the person performs or works as an occupation or for payment. This in opposition to a non-professional or an amateur. A slightly vague yet complicating category is the so called semi-professional.

As an adjective

Professional worker

Professional is used of any production employing skilled/trained workers (actors, designers, directors, stage managers, etc.) and paying them. However this distinction is complicated by the skewed theatrical system, based on an inequitable social system under the colonial and apartheid rule. For this reason the term Semi-professional (see below) is more appropriate in the cases of so-called "black" and "alternative" theatre productions, since many workers and performers in these contexts do it part time (i.e. like amateurs), but get paid for it. Amateur is thus generally reserved for the notion of anyone who does theatre simply for the love of it - i.e. as a hobby - and receives no pay. Unfortunately a stigma has also attached itself to this notion, implying work that is “not up to standard”, even though for a very long time – and in some contexts still – some of the more innovative work has come from this source, and for long times in the history of the country the “amateurs” have constituted the only theatre available.

Professional theatre

Theatre presented by a company consisting of professional artists and workers, working for financial gain and for whom the income is their sole (or major) source of income.

Semi-professional theatre

Theatre presented by a company consisting of semi-professional artists and workers, working for financial gain and for whom the income is NOT their sole (or major) source of income, but is undertaken for love of the craft and/or additional income.

For more information

See further South African Theatre/Overview and also Amateur Theatre in South Africa

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