Azania - Revision history

Satj at 04:49, 29 September 2025

2025-09-29T04:49:17Z

Satj at 13:51, 29 April 2014

2014-04-29T13:51:11Z

Satj: /* Use of Azania in South Africa */

2014-04-29T13:40:26Z

Use of Azania in South Africa

Satj: /* Use of Azania in South Africa */

2014-04-09T12:37:47Z

Use of Azania in South Africa

Centaps: /* For South Africa */

2010-08-03T07:05:08Z

For South Africa

Centaps at 08:31, 30 July 2010

2010-07-30T08:31:57Z

Centaps: Created page with ' The notes below based on the Wikipedia entry (http://www.answers.com/topic/azania) Azania is the name that has been applied to various parts of sub-Saharan Africa. In Roman tim…'

2010-07-30T08:28:05Z

Created page with ' The notes below based on the Wikipedia entry (http://www.answers.com/topic/azania) Azania is the name that has been applied to various parts of sub-Saharan Africa. In Roman tim…'

New page

The notes below based on the Wikipedia entry (http://www.answers.com/topic/azania)

Azania is the name that has been applied to various parts of sub-Saharan Africa. In Roman times -- and perhaps earlier -- the name referred to a portion of the Southeast African coast south of the Horn of Africa,[1] extending south perhaps as far as modern Tanzania. In the late 20th century, the term was used in place of "South Africa" by some opponents of the white-minority rule of that country.

== Origin of name ==

The earliest attestations for the name Azania do not explain it. John Hilton alludes to a number of etymologies proposed in the nineteenth century that claimed the name was derived from an Arabic or Persian word referring to the dark-skinned inhabitants of Africa, which he dismisses as examples of the colonial mindset of that period.

More recently, G.W.B. Huntingford offered two suggestions for the origin of the word. The first was from the Arabic `ajam ("foreigner, non-Arab"). The second, which he favors, comes from the Greek azainein ("to dry, parch").

== Ancient Azania ==

Pliny the Elder mentions an "Azanian Sea" (N.H. 6.34) that began around the emporium of Adulis and stretched around the south coast of Africa. The slightly later Periplus of the Erythraean Sea offers more details about Azania (chapters 15,16,18). From chapter 15 of the Periplus, Huntingford identifies Azania proper with the area south of modern day Somalia (the "Lesser and Greater Bluffs", the "Lesser and Greater Strands", and the "Seven Courses").[2] However, chapter 16 clearly describes Rhapta, located south of the Puralean Islands at the end of the Seven Courses of Azania, as the "southernmost market of Azania." Modern identifications of Rhapta place it on the coasts of modern-day Tanzania -- indicating that Azania referred to perhaps an area identical to the later Arab Zanj. Professor Chami has found archaeological evidence indicating that Rhapta was probably located near the mouth of the Rufiji River. Azania was known to the Chinese as 澤散 Zésàn by the 3rd century CE.[3]

Later writers who mention Azania include Claudius Ptolemy and Cosmas Indicopleustes. Cosmas records the fact that in his time Azania was under the control of Axum, and that gold was bartered for butchered beef.

== Modern uses of the name "Azania" ==

== For South Africa ==

The first mention of the name Azania with a South African connection appeared in the 1930s archaeological reports of excavations at Mapungubwe in the northern Transvaal. The skeletal remains were referred to as "ancient Azanians" meaning they were probably Cushitic peoples who had filtered down the Great Rift Valley from Ethiopia and East Africa. Zionist Church movements in South Africa say that unvocalized Hebrew for Zion is ZN (which is not in fact true; see Zion), as is unvocalised Azania.[citation needed]

Azania in a political South African context appeared again in 1958, when the name was proposed as a replacement name for South Africa, at the All-African Peoples' Conference hosted in Accra, Ghana by Kwame Nkrumah - an idea similar to Nkrumah shortly before changing his own country's colonial name ("Gold Coast") and replacing it by that of the Medieval Ghana Empire.

The modern use of Azania as an alternative name for South Africa among revolutionary Black African nationalists only began to become popular in 1979, however, appearing in the names of groups such as the Azanian People's Organisation, the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania and the Socialist Party of Azania.

Converesely, however, the [[African National Congress]] had always been extremely dismissive of the name, associating it with colonialism. ANC rejection of the name and sticking to the usage of "South Africa" reflected its fierce rivalry, throughout the years of the anti-Apartheid struggle, with the Pan Africanist Congress which had split from the ANC.

At the time of the 1994 multi-racial elections, some proposed "Azania" as an alternative official name for the country, but this never received widespread support - reflecting the overwhelming ANC electoral victory and the PAC's marginalization.

In the period when Apartheid South Africa had diplomatic relations with the Republic of China on Taiwan, the People's Republic of China officially apparently referred to South Africa as "Azania".

Return to [[South_African_Theatre/Themes|South African Theatre Terminology and Thematic Entries]]

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Azania is the name that has been applied to various parts of sub-Saharan Africa since ancient times. For instance, in Roman times -- and perhaps earlier -- the name referred to a portion of the Southeast African coast south of the Horn of Africa,  extending south perhaps as far as modern Tanzania. Among the writers who refer to it are Pliny the Elder,  Claudius Ptolemy and Cosmas Indicopleustes.
+[[Azania]] is the name that has been applied to various parts of sub-Saharan Africa since ancient times. For instance, in Roman times - and perhaps earlier - the name referred to a portion of the Southeast African coast south of the Horn of Africa,  extending south perhaps as far as modern Tanzania. Among the writers who refer to it are Pliny the Elder,  Claudius Ptolemy and Cosmas Indicopleustes.
 In the late 20th century, the term was used in place of "South Africa" by some opponents of the white-minority rule of that country.
 == Use of Azania in South Africa ==
 Though there are records of the term being used in the 1930, in connection with early excavations, the use of Azania in a political context appeared in 1958, when the name was proposed as a replacement name for South Africa, at the All-African Peoples' Conference hosted in Accra, Ghana by Kwame Nkrumah.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-The notes below based on the Wikipedia entry at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azania.
+Azania is the name that has been applied to various parts of sub-Saharan Africa since ancient times. For instance, in Roman times -- and perhaps earlier -- the name referred to a portion of the Southeast African coast south of the Horn of Africa,  extending south perhaps as far as modern Tanzania. Among the writers who refer to it are Pliny the Elder,  Claudius Ptolemy and Cosmas Indicopleustes.
 == Use of Azania in South Africa ==
-The first mention of the name Azania with a South African connection appeared in the 1930s archaeological reports of excavations at Mapungubwe in the northern Transvaal. The skeletal remains were referred to as "ancient Azanians" meaning they were probably Cushitic peoples who had filtered down the Great Rift Valley from Ethiopia and East Africa. Zionist Church movements in South Africa say that unvocalized Hebrew for Zion is ZN (which is not in fact true; see Zion), as is unvocalised Azania.[citation needed]
+The modern-day use of Azania as an alternative name for South Africa among revolutionary Black African nationalists only began to become popular from about 1979, when it began to appear in the names of groups such as the Azanian People's Organisation, the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC) and the Socialist Party of Azania.
-Azania in a political South African context appeared again in 1958, when the name was proposed as a replacement name for South Africa, at the All-African Peoples' Conference hosted in Accra, Ghana by Kwame Nkrumah - an idea similar to Nkrumah shortly before changing his own country's colonial name ("Gold Coast") and replacing it by that of the Medieval Ghana Empire.
+At the time of the 1994 multi-racial elections, some people again proposed "Azania" as an alternative official name for the country, but this never received widespread support - reflecting the overwhelming ANC electoral victory and the PAC's marginalization.
-The modern use of Azania as an alternative name for South Africa among revolutionary Black African nationalists only began to become popular in 1979, however, appearing in the names of groups such as the Azanian People's Organisation, the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania and the Socialist Party of Azania.
+In the period when Apartheid South Africa had diplomatic relations with the Republic of China on Taiwan, the People's Republic of China officially apparently also referred to South Africa as "Azania".
-At the time of the 1994 multi-racial elections, some proposed "Azania" as an alternative official name for the country, but this never received widespread support - reflecting the overwhelming ANC electoral victory and the PAC's marginalization.
+== Sources ==
-In the period when Apartheid South Africa had diplomatic relations with the Republic of China on Taiwan, the People's Republic of China officially apparently referred to South Africa as "Azania".
+Wikipedia entry on Azania: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azania.
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−	Return to [[~~South_African_Theatre~~/~~Themes\|~~South African Theatre Terminology and Thematic Entries]]	+	== Return to ==
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		+	Return to [[The South African Context/General Terminology and Thematic Entries]]
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		+	Return to [[South African Theatre/Terminology and Thematic Entries]]
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		+	Return to [[South African Film /Terminology and Thematic Entries]]
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		+	Return to [[South African Media/Terminology and Thematic Entries]]
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		+	Return to [[The ESAT Entries]]

	Return to [[Main Page]]		Return to [[Main Page]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:05, 3 August 2010
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−	== ~~For~~ South Africa ==	+	== Use of Azania in South Africa ==

	The first mention of the name Azania with a South African connection appeared in the 1930s archaeological reports of excavations at Mapungubwe in the northern Transvaal. The skeletal remains were referred to as "ancient Azanians" meaning they were probably Cushitic peoples who had filtered down the Great Rift Valley from Ethiopia and East Africa. Zionist Church movements in South Africa say that unvocalized Hebrew for Zion is ZN (which is not in fact true; see Zion), as is unvocalised Azania.[citation needed]		The first mention of the name Azania with a South African connection appeared in the 1930s archaeological reports of excavations at Mapungubwe in the northern Transvaal. The skeletal remains were referred to as "ancient Azanians" meaning they were probably Cushitic peoples who had filtered down the Great Rift Valley from Ethiopia and East Africa. Zionist Church movements in South Africa say that unvocalized Hebrew for Zion is ZN (which is not in fact true; see Zion), as is unvocalised Azania.[citation needed]

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:31, 30 July 2010
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−		+	The notes below based on the Wikipedia entry at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azania.
−	The notes below based on the Wikipedia entry (http://~~www~~.~~answers~~.~~com~~/~~topic~~/~~azania)~~

	Azania is the name that has been applied to various parts of sub-Saharan Africa. In Roman times -- and perhaps earlier -- the name referred to a portion of the Southeast African coast south of the Horn of Africa,[1] extending south perhaps as far as modern Tanzania. In the late 20th century, the term was used in place of "South Africa" by some opponents of the white-minority rule of that country.		Azania is the name that has been applied to various parts of sub-Saharan Africa. In Roman times -- and perhaps earlier -- the name referred to a portion of the Southeast African coast south of the Horn of Africa,[1] extending south perhaps as far as modern Tanzania. In the late 20th century, the term was used in place of "South Africa" by some opponents of the white-minority rule of that country.