Armed struggle

The name given to the military action taken by the main liberation movements between 1960 and 1990. After decades of attempts at negotiation, non-violent protest and non-violent civil disobedience had failed, and so, in the wake of the 1960 Sharpeville massacre and the banning of both the African National Congress and the Pan Africanist Congress, the various anti-Apartheid movements took up arms. Key players were the armed wings of the two movements, namely Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) and Poqo respectively.

For more information
See for example:

"1960-1966: The genesis of the armed struggle" In ''SA History Online'

"Armed Struggle" in South Africa Overcoming Apartheid Building Democracy

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