Toneel

Meanings
An Afrikaans term deriving from Dutch usage, with multiple meanings, including:

(1) A "scene" in general terms (a beautiful scene, scene of the crime, etc.),

(2) A "scene" in theatrical terms ("Toneel 1" = "Scene 1"),

(3) A slightly older term for Theatre as a social and artistic activity, in the English sense. Gradually replaced by Teater from the mid-1980's.

Toneelbestuurder
An Afrikaans term, borrowed from Dutch, used for Stage Manager. (See Binge, 1969, p. 204).

Toneelspeel and Toneelspeler
Literally "to play theatre", Toneelspeel means to act in a play and a Toneelspeler is an actor/actress. Toneelspel means "acting", i.e. the activity of acting in a play.

Toneelstuk
A play (literally "theatre piece"). Like the term play it can refer to the text and/or to the performance.

Toneelmeester
A rather puzzling Afrikaans term, borrowed from Dutch, used by Ludwig Binge (Binge, 1969, p. 211)?* and others to refer to someone responsible for the general inkleding (i.e. "dressing") of the stage in a production, and states that in Amateur theatre such people were often artists or architects. Possibly what one would refer to as the Stage designer or Set designer. In some contexts it almost sounds if writers are referring to a Stage director. However it is at times uncertain whether he is not also referring to a Stage manager or at least someone who does both jobs, particularly in smaller productions.

Today Afrikaans employs a range of interrelated terms equivalent to the English - Stelontwerper (Set designer), Kostuumontwerper (Costume designer), Beligtingsontwerper (Lighting Designer), Klankontwerper (Sound designer).

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